por admin » Vie Oct 21, 2011 5:43 am
El Medio Oriente mira a las lecciones que deja Libya
La muerte de Gadhafi endurecera las batallas entre lso rebeldes y los gobiernos de Syria y Yemen, dicen los analistas. Son siete meses de insurreccion en Syria contra el presidente Bashar al-Assad.
El Domingo son las elecciones en Tunisia, mientras tanto sigue la violencia en Egipto.
OCTOBER 21, 2011
Mideast Looks to Libya for Lessons
By NOUR MALAS
Moammar Gadhafi's death in Libya is likely to harden the battle lines in coming days between protesters and embattled leaders of Syria and Yemen, analysts said. But ultimately, they expect the event will be polarizing—providing some Arab protesters with a model of a successful overthrow of a brutal dictator, while giving others a sobering reminder of its costs.
Libyans celebrate in Tripoli's Martyrs' Square on Thursday following news of Gadhafi's death in Sirte.
For Syria, more than seven months into a stalemate between protesters and President Bashar al-Assad's regime, Gadhafi's death shows one outcome of a military intervention—which Syrian protesters and the international community have until now both eyed warily for that country at the region's center.
Gadhafi's death comes amid preparations for Sunday's elections in Tunisia, where this year's regionwide protests first brought down an Arab leader. Unlike in Libya's bloody battle, protesters in Tunisia quickly ousted the president with little bloodshed. In Egypt, bouts of violence continue to threaten the transition from military rule. The three countries' paths to democratic rule will provide early blueprints for political change in the region.
On Thursday, some people said images described as showing Gadhafi's final moments, broadcast by Arab satellite channels, were startling and alarming. For thousands of protesters facing violence on the streets of Syria and Yemen, the television shots—including one in which Gadhafi appears to be kicked around—showed the fragility of what they long saw as their region's unshakable strongmen.
"Three dictators down in 10 months in North Africa, with the promise of perhaps two more in the region—it's extraordinary," said Salman Shaikh, director of the Brookings Doha Center, a think tank in Qatar. "It's now getting to the proportions of 1989 in Europe."
Deposed leader Moammar Gadhafi was killed in the city of his birth as Libyan forces overtook his last remaining stronghold, setting the stage for the country to reinvent itself after a 42-year dictatorship. Margaret Coker has details on The News Hub.
.Online in the region, activists circulated a cartoon bearing the images of five regional leaders, with red X's marked through the portraits of toppled heads of Tunisia, Egypt and now Libya. The cartoon depicted a painter dragging his brush toward the watchful caricatures of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad and Yemeni President Ali Abdullah Saleh.
"It's Ali's turn," protesters chanted in San'a, Yemen's capital. Demonstrators in Syria chanted "Zenga zenga, dar dar, your turn is next Bashar"—playing on a phrase Gadafhi used in a speech vowing to root out Libyan protesters.
In Syria, where elements of the opposition have lately grown more violent, Gadhafi's overthrow is only likely to spur larger protests and a harsher official crackdown, analysts said.
But in the longer term, they said, some protesters will push to topple Mr. Assad by whatever means, with more already calling for an international no-fly zone, and asking why they shouldn't take up arms. But others are likely to grow more wary of change as Libya emerges unsteadily from its bloody conflict.
WSJ reporter Guy Chazan and Mean Street host Evan Newmark discuss the impact of former Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi's death on oil markets. AP Photo/Hassene Dridi
.Analysts drew two parallels between Syria and Libya, which they say will be closely watched in coming weeks. Much as Libyans based their rebel movement in the eastern city of Benghazi, a growing movement of defected Syrian army officers have appealed for international help to create a safe zone, either along the border with Turkey or with Lebanon, that could turn into a base for defectors and the broader opposition. Those border areas have seen some of the fiercest fighting between army and defectors, and could potentially be guarded by regional powers.
Meanwhile, the apparent success of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's Libya campaign has set a precedent for international coordination, through the so-called Libya Contact Group, that could be copied to move forward discussions between the U.S., Europe, Turkey, and Arab states on how to protect civilians in Syria.
A young boy waves Libya's National Transitional Council flag during a gathering of Tunisians and Libyans living in Tunisia after the announcement of the death of Moammar Gadhafi.
.It is also likely to intensify the debate, internationally and domestically, on the risks that any international intervention in Syria would arouse an increasingly hostile response from Mr. Assad's government, which blames the unrest on a foreign conspiracy. Any armed conflict in Syria also risks fueling a broader regional conflict, neighboring states and Western diplomats worry.
To date, foreign capitals have shown little appetite for intervention in Syria.
But Najib Ghadbian, a U.S.-based member of the Syrian National Council, an opposition umbrella group, said Gadhafi's ouster could help dampen concerns over international intervention. "Those criticisms that were launched against NATO that it moved beyond civilian protection, and of how the operation was handled, will be less relevant now with this outcome," said Mr. Ghadbian, who visited Tripoli this week as part of a delegation from the Council.
Libya's National Transition Council—the kind of alternate government that the Syrian Council hopes it will evolve into—last week offered the SNC the first recognition of legitimacy as an alternative to the government in Damascus, bolstering activists.
Syrians have increasingly taken inspiration from what they see as a costly but necessary fight against Gadhafi, said Mr. Ghadbian. "You definitely see a new Libya throughout the country," he said of his latest travels through the country. "We do, in Syria, have a distrust of any foreign intervention, along the lines of Iraq—nobody wants that. But some people who were skeptical about Libya will definitely be less so."